Tuvan English

[ak čem] n. dairy

Source: First edition

[ak čem] n. dairy (products)

Source: First edition

[ak čoorgan] n. sheet

Source: First edition

noun phrase white thing (metaphorical name of sacrificial fabric strip)

Source: Simchit 2010, page 55

[ak-balyk] n. white-salmon

Source: First edition

[ak-kök] a. light blue, sky blue

Source: First edition

noun phrase seagull

Example: Photo by aquacielo / iNaturalist, License: CC-BY-NC via inaturalist.org

Scientific name: Laridae

noun phrase white wagtail

Scientific name: Motacilla alba

[ak-taraa] n. wheat

Source: First edition

noun shaman amulet

Source: Simchit 2010, page 72

[ak, ak baštyg] a. grey (hair)

Source: First edition

[akkan sug] n. running water

Source: First edition

[akkan sug, batkan sug, sug agymy] n. stream

Source: First edition

[akkyzy(y)] n. uncle

Source: First edition

[aksyn tyrttyrbas] v. bite the bit

Source: First edition

[aksyn khaar, khoš] v. shut (mouth)

Source: First edition

[aktalaar] v. castrate

Source: First edition

[aktalaar, čazaar] v. castrate

Source: First edition

[aktjor (r), artist (r)] n. actor

Speaker: Sasha

[akša] adj. monetary

Speaker: Sasha

[akša] n. money

Source: First edition

[akša kiirer, salyr] v. invest

Speaker: Sasha

[akša sakykčyzy, investor (r)] n. investor

Speaker: Sasha

[akša salyry, salgan akša] n. investment

Speaker: Sasha

[akša khavy] n. purse

Source: First edition

[akša khavy] n. wallet

Source: First edition

[akša čeer, čeep alyr] v. lend

Speaker: Sasha

[akša-bile khandyrar] v. sponsor

Speaker: Sasha

[akša-bile khandyrar, akšalandyrar, akša beer] v. finance

Speaker: Sasha

[akša, valjuta] n. money

Source: First edition

[akšany aŋgyj čyyr, čyyp alyr] phr. v. set aside

Speaker: Sasha

[aky] n. brother

Source: First edition, Speaker: First edition, df

noun phrase pl kinship, family

[akyj] n. brother (vocative form)

Source: First edition

[akyj] n. 1. elder brother, uncle, 2. term of address for an older male

Source: First edition, Speaker: First edition, df

[akym] n. my elder brother, my uncle

Source: First edition, Speaker: First edition, df

[ala] a. piebald

Source: First edition, Speaker: First edition, df

noun phrase ritual clothes (figurative) literally - motley shell

Source: Simchit 2010, page 52

noun phrase shaman amulet

Source: Simchit 2010, page 125

noun phrase ritual clothes (figurative)

Source: Simchit 2010, page 52

noun redfin

Example: Photo by bespalov / iNaturalist, License: CC-BY-NC via inaturalist.org

Scientific name: Perca fluviatilis

[ala-čajgaar] a. natural, real

Source: First edition

[ala-čajgaar, čajgaar] a. natural, real

Source: First edition

[ala-šokar] a. piebald, striped, spotted

Source: First edition, Speaker: First edition, df

noun phrase common shelduck

Example: Photo by lada_l / iNaturalist, License: CC-BY-NC via inaturalist.org

Scientific name: Tadorna tadorna

[alaga] n. hammer

Source: First edition

[alažy ög] n. teepee

Source: First edition

[alažy ög] n. teepee made of wooden poles with bark covering

Source: First edition

noun long-tailed ground squirrel

Example: Photo by attila21 / iNaturalist, License: CC-BY-NC via inaturalist.org

Scientific name: Urocitellus undulatus

[albadaar] v. coerce

Source: First edition

[albadaar] phr. v. pin down

Speaker: Sasha

[albadaar, čygaar] v. coerce

Source: First edition

[albadaar, čygaar] v. compel

Speaker: Sasha

[alban-ažylga depšiiri, kar’era] n. career

Speaker: Sasha

[albannyŋ] a. official

Source: First edition

noun mythical creature eating people

Source: Simchit 2010, page 130

[albys] n. witch, devil

Source: First edition, Speaker: First edition, df

noun witch, surreal creature

Source: Simchit 2010, page 91

noun phrase shamans originated from the witches (albys)

Source: Simchit 2010, page 132

noun phrase collective name of devils (evil spirits)

Source: Simchit 2010, page 132

noun phrase collective name of devils (evil spirits)

Source: Simchit 2010, page 132

noun phrase collective name of devils (evil spirits)

Source: Simchit 2010, page 132

verb go crazy, do smth crazy

Source: Simchit 2010, page 132

verb get shaman’s illness (meaning become a shaman) (literally get possessed by devils)

[albystaary] n. insanity

Source: First edition

[albystyg] a. crazy

Source: First edition

noun phrase wife (literally - girlfriend, whom he married)

[algy] n. fur, pelt

Source: First edition

[algy] n. scream, shout, call

Source: First edition

[algy-kyshky] n. outcry

Speaker: df

[algyg] a. broad, wide

Source: First edition

[algyg-delgem] a. spacious

Source: First edition

[algyg-delgem, delgem] a. spacious

Source: First edition

[algyg, delgem] a. broad

Source: First edition

[algyra kaaptar] v. shout

Source: First edition

[algyrar] v. call

Source: First edition

[algyrar] v. scream

Source: First edition

[algyrar] v. scream, call

Source: First edition

[algyrar, kyškyrar] v. yell

Speaker: Sasha

[algyš] n. quarrel, argument

Source: First edition

[algyš] n. shamanic song, chant, invocation

Source: First edition

[algyš] n. 1. shamanic song, chant, invocation 2. quarrel, argument

Source: First edition

verbal phrase shaman rite (the ritual service by a shaman)

Source: Dongak 2018, page 33,

[aldan] num. sixty

Source: First edition

[aldar] n. fame

Source: First edition

[aldar] n. honor

Source: First edition

[aldar] n. 1. honor, 2. fame

Source: First edition

[aldar-khündü] n. honor

Source: First edition

[aldy] n. sable

Source: First edition

[aldy] num. six

Source: First edition

[aldy aj] n. June

Source: First edition

[aldy aj, ijun’] n. June

Source: First edition

[aldy, kiš] n. sable

Source: First edition

[aldyn] n., a. gold, golden

Source: First edition, Speaker: First edition, df

noun phrase the world (literally - golden world)

Source: Simchit 2010, page 93,

noun phrase shaman’s golden ritual mirror

Source: Simchit 2010, page 58

noun phrase golden breath (balanced condition of an organism)

[aldynda] p. below

Source: First edition

noun phrase lower level of the world

Source: Simchit 2010, page 81

noun phrase under world / hell