Tuvan English

[bot khandyrylga] n. self-service

Speaker: Sasha

[bot-bottarynga] adj. mutual

Speaker: Sasha

[bot(tuŋ)] a. one’s own, private

Source: First edition

[bot(tuŋ), khuu(nuŋ)] a. private

Source: First edition

[bottandyrar] v. implement

Speaker: Sasha

[bottug] a. actual, real

Source: First edition

[bottug bajdaldy barymdaalaar] adj. realistic

Speaker: Sasha

[bottug čüül] n. matter

Source: First edition

[bottug čüül, bar čüül] n. reality

Speaker: Sasha

[boš] a. empty

Source: First edition

[bögün] n. today

Source: First edition

[bödüün] adj. conventional

Speaker: Sasha

[bödüün] adj. ordinary

Speaker: Sasha

[bödüün] a. simple

Source: First edition

[bödüün, khün bürünnüŋ] adj. casual

Speaker: Sasha

[bödüünčüder] v. relieve (simplify)

Source: First edition

[bödüünčüder] v. relieve

Source: First edition

noun European toad

Example: Photo by oleg_kosterin / iNaturalist, License: CC-BY-NC via inaturalist.org

Scientific name: Bufo bufo

[bölgüm] n. section

Source: First edition

[böle salyr] v. fold

Source: First edition

[böler] v. rake

Source: First edition

[böler, böle ežer] v. rake

Source: First edition

[bölük] n. section

Source: First edition

[bölük kižiler] n. crowd

Source: First edition

[bölük, bölgüm, sektsija] n. section

Source: First edition

[bölük, gruppa (r)] n. group

Speaker: Sasha

[bölük, čada, bilig, kategorija.] n. category

Speaker: Sasha

[bömbük] n. ball

Source: First edition

[bömbürzek, planeta] n. planet

Source: First edition

noun shaman (used by Mongol Tuvans)

Source: Simchit 2010, page 21

[börzek] n. wolf-cub

Source: First edition, Speaker: First edition, df

[bört] n. hat

Source: First edition

[börü ~ bürü] n. wolf

Source: First edition, Speaker: First edition, df

[buga] n. bull

Source: First edition

[buga] n. ox

Source: First edition

[buga] n. ox, bull

Source: First edition

[buga] n. canal (for water)

Source: First edition

noun bull

Source: Simchit 2010, page 26

noun phrase bull-shaman (name of a strong shaman)

Source: Simchit 2010, page 25

noun phrase bull fetish (name of the shaman fetish)

Source: Simchit 2010, page 65

[budaar, buduldurar] v. confuse

Speaker: Sasha

[buduk] n. ink

Source: First edition

[buduk] n. branch, twig

Source: First edition

noun allegorical name of the middle world, literally - branchy)

Source: Simchit 2010, page 96

[buduur] v. dye

Source: First edition

[buduur] v. paint

Source: First edition

[buduur] v. paint, dye

Source: First edition

[buza šavar] v. break up, break in(to) pieces

Source: First edition

[buza šavar, čuura/syj šavar] v. break up, break in(to) pieces

Source: First edition

[buzar] v. break, shatter

Source: First edition

[buzary] n. tr. destruction

Source: First edition

[buzary, busturu] n. tr. destruction

Source: First edition

[buzary, üreeri, busturu, üreliri] n. destruction

Source: First edition

[buzuk] a. broken

Source: First edition

[buk] n. devil, Satan

Source: First edition

[buk] n. spirit

Source: First edition

[buk] n. spirit, devil, Satan

Source: First edition

noun name of the surreal creature of the lowest rank, evil spirit)

Source: Simchit 2010, page 133

noun phrase crush, destroy evil spirit

Source: Simchit 2010, page 133

verb become possessed by evil spirit

Source: Simchit 2010, page 133

verb phrase banish evil spirit

Source: Simchit 2010, page 133

noun phrase evil spirits area (one of the names of the lowest world)

Source: Simchit 2010, page 48

[bulan] n. elk (female)

Source: First edition

noun phrase methaphorical name of a shaman’s drum (literally - grey elk)

Source: Simchit 2010, page 48

[bulat] n. steel

Source: First edition

[bulgaar] n. leather

Source: First edition

[buluŋ] n. angle

Source: First edition

[buluŋ] n. corner

Source: First edition

[bulut] n. cloud

Source: First edition

noun allegorical name of the upper world, literally - cloudy)

Source: Simchit 2010, page 91

[burgan] n. deity

Source: First edition

[burgan] n. god

Source: First edition

[burgan] n. god deity (figuratively, also can refer to any item symbolic of the deity, e.g., a statue of Bud

Source: First edition

[burgan dürzüzü] n. idol

Source: First edition

noun phrase divine shaman

Source: Simchit 2010, page 39

noun phrase collective meaning of faith, rituals

Source: Simchit 2010, page 70

noun respectful name of god (literally - god the king)

Source: Simchit 2010, page 39

noun phrase divine miracle

Source: Simchit 2010, page 67

noun phrase collective name of god, faith and religion

Source: Simchit 2010, page 65

noun god, gods

Source: Simchit 2010, page 39

[burgan, küzüŋgü, eeren] n. god

Source: First edition

verb give god smth’s soul, die

Source: Simchit 2010, page 40

noun phrase the world of gods, paradise

Source: Simchit 2010, page 83

noun bittern

Example: Photo by Steve Chilton / Flickr, License: CC-BY-NC-ND via Flickr

Scientific name: Botaurinae

[burungaar] adv. forward

Source: First edition

[burungaar] adv. ago

Source: First edition

[burungaar čoruur] phr. v. move forward

Speaker: Sasha

[burungaarlaar] v. advance

Source: First edition

[burungaarlaar, šimčeer, čylar] v. advance

Source: First edition

[burungu] adj. previous

Speaker: Sasha

[burungu] a. ancient (former, old)

Source: First edition

[burungu] a. ancient, former, old

Source: First edition

noun phrase great grandfather

[burungu khün] n. the day before yesterday

Source: First edition

noun phrase great grandmother

[bururngaar depšilgelig, murnakčy] adj. progressive

Speaker: Sasha

[buruu] n. fault

Source: First edition

[buruu onaar] v. accuse

Source: First edition

[buruu čogu] n. innocence

Source: First edition

[buruu čogu, buruulug evezi] n. innocence

Source: First edition