Tuvan English

proper name Great Yenisei River

noun phrase Milky way (literally road of sky)

noun phrase black sky (the origin of the strongest shamans)

noun phrase Milky way (literally road of darkness)

noun phrase Orion (literally evening Venus)

proper name names of the main god

noun phrase Orion

noun phrase name of the upper world - homeland of star shamans

proper name name of the main god (literally universe-world)

noun phrase Mars (literally fire star)

noun phrase Mount Suree - border between the worlds of life and dead

noun phrase nine skys (in shamanism meaning nine worlds of the upper universe)

proper name name of a fantastic bird

proper name name of the master of the middle world (literally earth-water)

noun phrase envy, slander (lterally white mouth-tongue)

noun phrase white soul (which comes to living relatives in the image of a dead person)

verb get shaman’s illness (meaning become a shaman) (literally get possessed by devils)

noun phrase golden breath (balanced condition of an organism)

noun ritual of cleansing

noun wandering lamas tradesmen

noun phrase middle world / universe (literally this universe / world)

noun unit of measurement of number of cattle

noun phrase lama-shaman

noun phrase round bread

verb phrase get shaman’s illness (meaning become a shaman) (literally pass out)

noun smal drum (used by lamas)

noun board cut

noun doll mockup made out of dead person’s clothes

noun shaman drum

noun Mongolian calendar

noun blessing, parting wishes/words, wishes

noun phrase master of camp

noun phrase black soul (which guards the grave of a dead person)

noun phrase black (dark) forces

noun phrase black astronomy

noun phrase under world / hell (literally dark world / universe)

noun phrase main soul

verb healing with a help of a shaman mirror kyuzyungyu

noun Tuvan flute

noun phrase eternal universe (referring to upper and under worlds)

verb phrase ritual of burning memorial food in the sacred fire during the funerals

noun festivities for youth after harvesting (holiday)

noun grave (literally hole)

verb phrase ritual of burning a sacral fire

noun buddhist monk community

noun Buddgist concept of six worlds

noun phrase yellow or exact astronomy

verb phrase ritual of making sacred bonfire or incense burner in front of a grave (literally put the bonfire)

noun spirit, life force

noun / noun phrase soul

noun potential

noun bloodline (litreally bone)

noun phrase people who are engaged in transportation and burial (literally those who bury bones)

verb ritual of smoking near a grave so the dead one could smoke with the relatives for the last time

noun phrase master of taiga

noun hell

noun phrase afterlife world for bad people

noun pl chiefs (referring to Soviet party top bosses)

noun mantra

noun ritual of healing heavily sick people with aim to decieve ill spirits haunting sick people

noun / noun phrase breath of life / soul

noun pl children born from parents of different nationalities or ethnicities (somewhat pejorative)

noun phrase female shamans (collective meaning)

noun phrase she-shaman (literally shaman-woman)

noun phrase shaman tree

noun phrase shaman fight (literally shaman eating of each other)

noun smoke hole

verb phrase final stage of shaman ritual (literally closing of chimney (the hole on the top of the yurt))

noun phrase devil’s bird - messenger of death

noun phrase life energy

noun devil (used by Southern Tuvans)

noun phrase boiled (cooked) sheep leg

noun phrase white caragana (Siberian peashrub)

noun wake ritual (funeral repast)

noun phrase the direction of the harm (unfavorable geografical direction when calculating the element of the birth)

noun pl young acolyte

noun ritual of cleansing face and hands after the funerals

noun summer tent (in modern Tuvan - barn)

noun phrase special stone (used to see the spirits even by ordinary people)

noun curse

noun phrase ending of life (literally earth instantly disappears)

noun phrase master of the land

verb to fight (literally eat each other)

noun buddhist lamp (icon lamp)

noun basics of buddhist astrology

noun phrase spirits of the camp

noun doll figure symbolizing sign of illness

verb phrase ritual of fixing the birthdate of a person

noun phrase afterlife world for good people (Shambala)

noun buddhist fortune telling on bones

noun stick

noun phrase mourning, grave sign

noun phrase Orion (literally three elks)

noun phrase upper universe / paradise

noun phrase upper universe / paradise

noun phrase upper sky

noun phrase wake (funeral repast) on the third day (literally three days)

noun phrase wooden spoon or trowel used to "feed" (coax) the spirits of dead people (literally three eyes)

noun fate

noun phrase dead soul