Tuvan English

noun phrase white sky (the origin of the strongest shamans)

proper name supreme god

proper name Little Yenisei River

noun phrase black sky (the origin of the strongest shamans)

noun phrase Orion (literally evening Venus)

noun phrase Orion

proper name name of the main god (literally universe-world)

noun phrase Mars (literally fire star)

proper name name of a fantastic bird

proper name name of the master of the middle world (literally earth-water)

noun phrase hell (literally land of devils)

noun phrase envy, slander (lterally white mouth-tongue)

noun phrase golden breath (balanced condition of an organism)

noun phrase under world / hell

noun phrase master of the spring water

noun shaman ritual of cleansing

noun pl half-gods living in the higher world of sansara

noun travelling lamas walking around camps and reading prayers

noun unit of measurement of number of cattle

noun phrase grey soul (which stays on earth and bothers life relatives)

noun phrase lama-shaman

noun phrase round bread

verb phrase send curses

noun phrase a person suffering in his/her life of some kind of harmness / obsticle

noun phrase middle soul (used by Southern Tuvans)

noun shaman drum

noun phrase wake (funeral repast) on the 40th day (literally 40 days)

noun Mongolian calendar

proper name shamans and lamas who can see the spirits

noun phrase prohibited direction of funerals (literally mouth of a black dog)

noun phrase black sky

noun phrase black astronomy

noun phrase black asronomy

noun phrase under world / hell (literally dark world / universe)

noun big drum (used by lamas)

noun phrase main soul

noun mind, consciousness

noun phrase lama-astrologer

noun Tuvan flute

noun phrase bad soul (used by Southern Tuvans)

noun phrase eternal universe (referring to upper and under worlds)

noun festivities for youth after harvesting (holiday)

noun universe

noun defenders of teaching (Buddist faith)

noun buddhist monk community

noun ritual of reading prayers and offering ’prayed’ vodka to the local spirit-master

noun phrase element (used at calculation to define the birthdate of a person by shamans)

noun phrase another world (literally Northen edge)

noun burials of outstanding lamas

noun / noun phrase pyramidal stone burial constructions

noun / noun phrase soul

noun phrase people who are engaged in transportation and burial (literally those who bury bones)

verb ritual of smoking near a grave so the dead one could smoke with the relatives for the last time

verb phrase shaman ritual aiming the spirits of taiga

noun phrase master of taiga

noun phrase afterlife world for bad people

noun ritual of healing heavily sick people with aim to decieve ill spirits haunting sick people

noun small timpani

[tos-karak] n. a ritual wooden implement used to sprinkle milk or tea as an offering to the spirits, in the shape of a square spoon with nine holes and a ribbon

Source: First edition

noun phrase shaman of sky origin

noun phrase soul of a child (from newborn until 13 years of age)

noun pl children born from parents of different nationalities or ethnicities (somewhat pejorative)

noun phrase female shamans (collective meaning)

noun phrase shaman fight (literally shaman eating of each other)

noun smoke hole

verb phrase final stage of shaman ritual (literally closing of chimney (the hole on the top of the yurt))

noun phrase devil’s bird - messenger of death

noun devil (used by Southern Tuvans)

noun phrase boiled (cooked) sheep leg

verb phrase to pay for shaman services (literally to whiten hands)

noun phrase white caragana (Siberian peashrub)

noun phrase the direction of the harm (unfavorable geografical direction when calculating the element of the birth)

noun prayer service on recovery of a sick person

noun pl young acolyte

noun ritual of cleansing face and hands after the funerals

noun ritual of calling on happiness (in lamaism)

noun summer camp

noun phrase special stone (used to see the spirits even by ordinary people)

noun chosen person who can manage the special stone

noun phrase under world / hell (literally bottom of the world)

noun phrase cave (literally mouth of the earth)

noun phrase ritual of ’renting the land" (for burials)

noun phrase master of the land

noun phrase the direction of thу evil spirits / devils (unfavorable geographical direction when calculating the element of the birth)

verb to fight (literally eat each other)

noun luck in hunting

noun hell

noun buddhist lamp (icon lamp)

noun doll figure symbolizing sign of illness

noun wooden models of sables painted with soot

verb phrase ritual of fixing the birthdate of a person

verb phrase suicide or death through the fault of doctors - euphemism (literally he/she couldn’t stand it any more)

noun stick

noun phrase upper universe / paradise

noun phrase wake (funeral repast) on the third day (literally three days)

noun phrase wooden spoon or trowel used to "feed" (coax) the spirits of dead people (literally three eyes)

noun destination and deeds

noun fate

noun phrase dead soul

[örgül] n. sacrifice, ritual of feeding the master spirits of a place

Source: First edition