Tuvan English

proper name Great Yenisei River

proper name supreme god

noun phrase Milky way (literally road of sky)

noun phrase Milky way (literally top of sky)

noun phrase black sky (the origin of the strongest shamans)

noun phrase Orion (literally evening Venus)

proper name names of the main god

noun phrase name of the upper world - homeland of star shamans

noun phrase Mount Suree - border between the worlds of life and dead

proper name alternative names of a supreme god

noun phrase nine skys (in shamanism meaning nine worlds of the upper universe)

proper name name of a fantastic bird

proper name name of the master of the middle world (literally earth-water)

noun phrase hell (literally land of devils)

noun blessed energy (coming from the depictions of saints in buddhism and from reading prayers)

noun phrase golden breath (balanced condition of an organism)

noun phrase master of the spring water

noun phrase spirits of mountain passes

noun pay for shaman services

noun pl half-gods living in the higher world of sansara

noun travelling lamas walking around camps and reading prayers

noun phrase middle world / universe (literally this universe / world)

noun phrase grey soul (which stays on earth and bothers life relatives)

noun phrase lama-shaman

noun phrase ritual of invocation for happiness

noun phrase round bread

noun / verb animist ritual, tribal prayings (holiday)

noun smal drum (used by lamas)

noun doll mockup made out of dead person’s clothes

noun shaman drum

noun honorable place of the master of the home

noun Mongolian calendar

noun phrase master of camp

noun phrase black soul (which guards the grave of a dead person)

noun phrase prohibited direction of funerals (literally mouth of a black dog)

noun phrase black (dark) forces

noun phrase under world / hell (literally dark world / universe)

noun big drum (used by lamas)

verb phrase shaman ritual of diverting anger

noun mind, consciousness

noun phrase red caragana (Siberian peashrub)

verb healing with a help of a shaman mirror kyuzyungyu

noun phrase lama-astrologer

noun Tuvan flute

verb phrase ritual of fixing the birthmark of a person

noun festivities for youth after harvesting (holiday)

verb phrase drive an arrow (shaman technique to look for lost thing)

verb phrase ritual of burning a sacral fire

noun phrase good soul (used by Southern Tuvans)

noun buddhist monk community

noun local spirit-master

verb phrase ritual of making sacred bonfire or incense burner in front of a grave (literally put the bonfire)

noun liver pieces wrapped in interior fat

noun phrase another world (literally Northen edge)

noun burials of outstanding lamas

noun / noun phrase soul

noun phrase ways of soul to extract the curse out of a body practiced by shamans

noun bloodline (litreally bone)

noun phrase people who are engaged in transportation and burial (literally those who bury bones)

noun sack of white color

noun phrase master of taiga

noun / noun phrase breath of life / soul

noun phrase shaman of sky origin

noun phrase great shaman (literally big shaman)

noun phrase soul of a child (from newborn until 13 years of age)

noun phrase female shamans (collective meaning)

noun phrase shaman tree

noun phrase shaman’s fellow travellers (referring collectively to all mythical-spiritual beings with whom a shaman may interact)

Source: Simchit 2010,

noun phrase blood related people who inherit the knowledge and experience of noble bloodline of shamans

verb phrase final stage of shaman ritual (literally closing of chimney (the hole on the top of the yurt))

noun phrase life energy

verb phrase to pay for shaman services (literally to whiten hands)

noun phrase the direction of the harm (unfavorable geografical direction when calculating the element of the birth)

noun prayer service on recovery of a sick person

noun pl young acolyte

noun ritual of cleansing face and hands after the funerals

noun ritual of calling on happiness (in lamaism)

noun phrase master of lake

noun summer camp

noun phrase special stone (used to see the spirits even by ordinary people)

noun curse

noun phrase multiple spirits who give a shaman knowledge and visions

noun phrase under world / hell (literally bottom of the world)

noun phrase cave (literally mouth of the earth)

noun phrase ending of life (literally earth instantly disappears)

noun phrase ritual of ’renting the land" (for burials)

noun phrase the direction of thу evil spirits / devils (unfavorable geographical direction when calculating the element of the birth)

noun phrase agalmatolite (stone used in Tuvan stone carving)

noun basics of buddhist astrology

noun phrase spirits of the camp

noun doll figure symbolizing sign of illness

noun wooden models of sables painted with soot

verb phrase ritual of fixing the birthdate of a person

noun phrase afterlife world for good people (Shambala)

noun stick

noun phrase Orion (literally three elks)

noun phrase upper universe / paradise

noun phrase upper sky

noun destination and deeds

noun phrase dead soul