Tuvan English

noun phrase white sky (the origin of the strongest shamans)

proper name name of a supreme god (lireally sky)

noun phrase Milky way (literally road of sky)

proper name Little Yenisei River

noun phrase black sky (the origin of the strongest shamans)

noun phrase Milky way (literally road of darkness)

noun phrase Orion

noun phrase name of the upper world - homeland of star shamans

noun phrase Mars (literally fire star)

noun phrase Mount Suree - border between the worlds of life and dead

proper name Yenisey River (literally big river)

proper name name of a fantastic bird

proper name name of the master of the middle world (literally earth-water)

noun phrase hell (literally land of devils)

noun celestial bodies

noun blessed energy (coming from the depictions of saints in buddhism and from reading prayers)

noun phrase golden breath (balanced condition of an organism)

noun phrase master of the spring water

noun phrase spirits of mountain passes

noun shaman ritual of cleansing

noun pay for shaman services

noun pl half-gods living in the higher world of sansara

noun wandering lamas tradesmen

noun phrase middle world / universe (literally this universe / world)

noun unit of measurement of number of cattle

noun phrase ritual of invocation for happiness

noun phrase round bread

noun / verb animist ritual, tribal prayings (holiday)

noun smal drum (used by lamas)

noun board cut

noun phrase a person suffering in his/her life of some kind of harmness / obsticle

noun phrase middle soul (used by Southern Tuvans)

noun shaman drum

noun honorable place of the master of the home

noun Mongolian calendar

noun phrase master of camp

noun phrase fights (quarells), scolding, scandals (literally black mouth-tongue)

noun phrase black (dark) forces

noun phrase black asronomy

noun big drum (used by lamas)

noun mind, consciousness

noun phrase red breath (the last sigh)

noun phrase red caragana (Siberian peashrub)

noun phrase lama-astrologer

noun phrase the direction of the end of the life (unfavorable geografical direction when calculating the element of the birth)

noun "birthmarks" - according to Buddhism every person has a certain set of birthmarks of different colors and numbers depending on the birth date according to the Luna calendar

verb phrase ritual of burning memorial food in the sacred fire during the funerals

noun festivities for youth after harvesting (holiday)

noun grave (literally hole)

verb phrase ritual of burning a sacral fire

noun buddhist monk community

noun local spirit-master

noun phrase ritual to remember those who died last year during the ritual of worshiping sacred tree in the fall

noun phrase middle world / universe (literally yellow universe / world)

verb phrase ritual of making sacred bonfire or incense burner in front of a grave (literally put the bonfire)

noun liver pieces wrapped in interior fat

noun / noun phrase pyramidal stone burial constructions

noun spirit, life force

noun potential

noun phrase ways of soul to extract the curse out of a body practiced by shamans

verb ritual of smoking near a grave so the dead one could smoke with the relatives for the last time

noun sack of white color

verb phrase shaman ritual aiming the spirits of taiga

noun mantra

noun ritual of healing heavily sick people with aim to decieve ill spirits haunting sick people

noun small timpani

[tos-karak] n. a ritual wooden implement used to sprinkle milk or tea as an offering to the spirits, in the shape of a square spoon with nine holes and a ribbon

Source: First edition

noun phrase shaman tree

noun phrase shaman fight (literally shaman eating of each other)

noun phrase shaman’s fellow travellers (referring collectively to all mythical-spiritual beings with whom a shaman may interact)

Source: Simchit 2010,

noun phrase blood related people who inherit the knowledge and experience of noble bloodline of shamans

verb phrase to pay for shaman services (literally to whiten hands)

noun phrase the direction of the harm (unfavorable geografical direction when calculating the element of the birth)

noun small stones for fortune-telling (used by shamans)

noun pl young acolyte

noun ritual of cleansing face and hands after the funerals

noun phrase master of lake

noun summer tent (in modern Tuvan - barn)

noun phrase multiple spirits who give a shaman knowledge and visions

noun phrase hair lasso of handicraft production

noun phrase under world / hell (literally bottom of the world)

noun phrase ending of life (literally earth instantly disappears)

noun phrase the direction of thу evil spirits / devils (unfavorable geographical direction when calculating the element of the birth)

verb to fight (literally eat each other)

noun hell

noun buddhist lamp (icon lamp)

noun basics of buddhist astrology

noun wooden models of sables painted with soot

verb phrase ritual of fixing the birthdate of a person

noun phrase afterlife world for good people (Shambala)

noun buddhist fortune telling on bones

verb phrase suicide or death through the fault of doctors - euphemism (literally he/she couldn’t stand it any more)

noun stick

noun phrase Orion (literally three elks)

noun phrase upper universe / paradise

noun phrase upper sky

noun phrase wake (funeral repast) on the third day (literally three days)

noun destination and deeds

noun fate

[örgül] n. sacrifice, ritual of feeding the master spirits of a place

Source: First edition