Tuvan English

noun phrase white sky (the origin of the strongest shamans)

proper name name of a supreme god (lireally sky)

noun phrase Milky way (literally top of sky)

noun phrase Orion (literally evening Venus)

noun phrase Orion

proper name name of the main god (literally universe-world)

noun phrase Mars (literally fire star)

proper name alternative names of a supreme god

noun phrase nine skys (in shamanism meaning nine worlds of the upper universe)

proper name Yenisey River (literally big river)

proper name name of a fantastic bird

proper name name of the master of the under world

noun phrase hell (literally land of devils)

noun celestial bodies

noun blessed energy (coming from the depictions of saints in buddhism and from reading prayers)

noun phrase envy, slander (lterally white mouth-tongue)

noun phrase spirits of mountain passes

noun shaman ritual of cleansing

noun pay for shaman services

noun pl half-gods living in the higher world of sansara

noun phrase lama-shaman

noun smal drum (used by lamas)

verb phrase send curses

noun shaman drum

noun phrase wake (funeral repast) on the 40th day (literally 40 days)

noun phrase master of camp

noun phrase black soul (which guards the grave of a dead person)

noun phrase prohibited direction of funerals (literally mouth of a black dog)

noun phrase under world / hell (literally dark world / universe)

noun big drum (used by lamas)

verb phrase shaman ritual of diverting anger

noun mind, consciousness

noun phrase red breath (the last sigh)

noun phrase red caragana (Siberian peashrub)

verb healing with a help of a shaman mirror kyuzyungyu

noun phrase lama-astrologer

noun paper strips with mantras

noun phrase the direction of the end of the life (unfavorable geografical direction when calculating the element of the birth)

noun "birthmarks" - according to Buddhism every person has a certain set of birthmarks of different colors and numbers depending on the birth date according to the Luna calendar

noun phrase silver breath (good physical shape)

noun phrase eternal universe (referring to upper and under worlds)

verb phrase drive an arrow (shaman technique to look for lost thing)

noun phrase middle world / universe (that is Earth)

verb phrase ritual of burning a sacral fire

noun defenders of teaching (Buddist faith)

noun phrase good soul (used by Southern Tuvans)

noun Buddgist concept of six worlds

noun phrase middle world / universe (literally yellow universe / world)

noun phrase yellow or exact astronomy

verb phrase ritual of making sacred bonfire or incense burner in front of a grave (literally put the bonfire)

noun ritual of reading prayers and offering ’prayed’ vodka to the local spirit-master

noun liver pieces wrapped in interior fat

noun phrase another world (literally Northen edge)

noun / noun phrase pyramidal stone burial constructions

noun spirit, life force

noun phrase people who are engaged in transportation and burial (literally those who bury bones)

verb ritual of smoking near a grave so the dead one could smoke with the relatives for the last time

noun sack of white color

noun phrase master of taiga

noun hell

noun phrase afterlife world for bad people

noun pl chiefs (referring to Soviet party top bosses)

noun mantra

noun ritual of healing heavily sick people with aim to decieve ill spirits haunting sick people

noun phrase female shamans (collective meaning)

noun phrase she-shaman (literally shaman-woman)

noun phrase shaman tree

noun smoke hole

noun phrase devil’s bird - messenger of death

noun phrase life energy

verb phrase to pay for shaman services (literally to whiten hands)

noun phrase white caragana (Siberian peashrub)

noun pl young acolyte

noun ritual of calling on happiness (in lamaism)

noun summer camp

noun curse

noun chosen person who can manage the special stone

noun phrase hair lasso of handicraft production

noun phrase under world / hell (literally bottom of the world)

noun phrase cave (literally mouth of the earth)

noun phrase ending of life (literally earth instantly disappears)

noun phrase ritual of ’renting the land" (for burials)

noun phrase master of the land

noun luck in hunting

noun hell

noun wooden models of sables painted with soot

verb phrase ritual of fixing the birthdate of a person

noun buddhist fortune telling on bones

verb phrase suicide or death through the fault of doctors - euphemism (literally he/she couldn’t stand it any more)

noun scraper

verb phrase euphemism - die suddenly (literally gone with smoke)

noun phrase mourning, grave sign

noun phrase Orion (literally three elks)

noun phrase upper universe / paradise

noun phrase upper sky

noun phrase wake (funeral repast) on the third day (literally three days)

noun phrase wooden spoon or trowel used to "feed" (coax) the spirits of dead people (literally three eyes)

noun fate

noun phrase dead soul

[örgül] n. sacrifice, ritual of feeding the master spirits of a place

Source: First edition