Tuvan English

noun phrase Milky way (literally road of sky)

noun phrase Milky way (literally top of sky)

noun phrase Milky way (literally road of darkness)

noun phrase Orion (literally evening Venus)

proper name names of the main god

noun phrase Orion

noun phrase Mount Suree - border between the worlds of life and dead

proper name name of a fantastic bird

noun phrase hell (literally land of devils)

noun blessed energy (coming from the depictions of saints in buddhism and from reading prayers)

noun phrase envy, slander (lterally white mouth-tongue)

noun phrase white soul (which comes to living relatives in the image of a dead person)

verb get shaman’s illness (meaning become a shaman) (literally get possessed by devils)

noun phrase golden breath (balanced condition of an organism)

noun phrase under world / hell

noun phrase master of the spring water

noun shaman ritual of cleansing

noun phrase grey soul (which stays on earth and bothers life relatives)

noun phrase ritual of invocation for happiness

noun phrase round bread

noun / verb animist ritual, tribal prayings (holiday)

noun smal drum (used by lamas)

noun board cut

noun phrase life soul

noun phrase a person suffering in his/her life of some kind of harmness / obsticle

noun doll mockup made out of dead person’s clothes

noun Mongolian calendar

proper name shamans and lamas who can see the spirits

noun blessing, parting wishes/words, wishes

noun phrase master of camp

noun phrase black soul (which guards the grave of a dead person)

noun phrase prohibited direction of funerals (literally mouth of a black dog)

noun phrase black sky

noun phrase black asronomy

noun big drum (used by lamas)

noun mind, consciousness

noun phrase red breath (the last sigh)

noun phrase red caragana (Siberian peashrub)

verb healing with a help of a shaman mirror kyuzyungyu

noun paper strips with mantras

noun phrase the direction of the end of the life (unfavorable geografical direction when calculating the element of the birth)

verb phrase ritual of fixing the birthmark of a person

noun phrase bad soul (used by Southern Tuvans)

noun phrase eternal universe (referring to upper and under worlds)

noun grave (literally hole)

noun universe

verb phrase ritual of burning a sacral fire

noun phrase good soul (used by Southern Tuvans)

noun buddhist monk community

noun Buddgist concept of six worlds

noun local spirit-master

noun phrase ritual to remember those who died last year during the ritual of worshiping sacred tree in the fall

noun phrase middle world / universe (literally yellow universe / world)

noun phrase yellow or exact astronomy

noun liver pieces wrapped in interior fat

noun phrase another world (literally Northen edge)

noun burials of outstanding lamas

noun phrase people who are engaged in transportation and burial (literally those who bury bones)

verb ritual of smoking near a grave so the dead one could smoke with the relatives for the last time

noun sack of white color

noun phrase master of taiga

noun pl chiefs (referring to Soviet party top bosses)

noun mantra

noun ritual of healing heavily sick people with aim to decieve ill spirits haunting sick people

noun / noun phrase breath of life / soul

noun phrase great shaman (literally big shaman)

noun phrase she-shaman (literally shaman-woman)

noun phrase shaman tree

noun phrase shaman’s fellow travellers (referring collectively to all mythical-spiritual beings with whom a shaman may interact)

Source: Simchit 2010,

noun phrase devil’s bird - messenger of death

noun phrase life energy

noun phrase white caragana (Siberian peashrub)

noun wake ritual (funeral repast)

noun phrase the direction of the harm (unfavorable geografical direction when calculating the element of the birth)

noun ritual of cleansing face and hands after the funerals

noun ritual of calling on happiness (in lamaism)

noun summer tent (in modern Tuvan - barn)

noun curse

noun chosen person who can manage the special stone

noun phrase hair lasso of handicraft production

noun phrase ending of life (literally earth instantly disappears)

noun phrase ritual of ’renting the land" (for burials)

noun phrase master of the land

verb to fight (literally eat each other)

noun hell

noun buddhist lamp (icon lamp)

noun phrase spirits of the camp

noun doll figure symbolizing sign of illness

noun wooden models of sables painted with soot

verb phrase ritual of fixing the birthdate of a person

noun buddhist fortune telling on bones

verb phrase suicide or death through the fault of doctors - euphemism (literally he/she couldn’t stand it any more)

noun scraper

verb phrase euphemism - die suddenly (literally gone with smoke)

noun phrase upper universe / paradise

noun phrase upper universe / paradise

noun phrase upper sky

noun phrase wake (funeral repast) on the third day (literally three days)

noun destination and deeds

noun phrase dead soul