Tuvan English

noun phrase white sky (the origin of the strongest shamans)

proper name supreme god

proper name name of a supreme god (lireally sky)

noun phrase Milky way (literally road of sky)

noun phrase Milky way (literally top of sky)

noun phrase Orion

proper name name of the main god (literally universe-world)

noun phrase nine skys (in shamanism meaning nine worlds of the upper universe)

proper name Yenisey River (literally big river)

proper name name of the master of the middle world (literally earth-water)

noun phrase hell (literally land of devils)

noun phrase envy, slander (lterally white mouth-tongue)

noun phrase golden breath (balanced condition of an organism)

noun phrase under world / hell

noun ritual of cleansing

noun shaman ritual of cleansing

noun pay for shaman services

noun travelling lamas walking around camps and reading prayers

noun wandering lamas tradesmen

noun phrase ritual of invocation for happiness

noun phrase round bread

noun smal drum (used by lamas)

verb phrase send curses

noun phrase a person suffering in his/her life of some kind of harmness / obsticle

noun doll mockup made out of dead person’s clothes

proper name shamans and lamas who can see the spirits

noun phrase master of camp

noun phrase black sky

noun phrase black asronomy

noun phrase under world / hell (literally dark world / universe)

verb phrase shaman ritual of diverting anger

noun mind, consciousness

noun phrase red caragana (Siberian peashrub)

noun phrase the direction of the end of the life (unfavorable geografical direction when calculating the element of the birth)

verb phrase ritual of fixing the birthmark of a person

noun phrase bad soul (used by Southern Tuvans)

noun phrase silver breath (good physical shape)

verb phrase ritual of burning memorial food in the sacred fire during the funerals

noun festivities for youth after harvesting (holiday)

verb phrase drive an arrow (shaman technique to look for lost thing)

noun grave (literally hole)

noun universe

verb phrase ritual of burning a sacral fire

noun phrase good soul (used by Southern Tuvans)

noun buddhist monk community

noun Buddgist concept of six worlds

noun phrase ritual to remember those who died last year during the ritual of worshiping sacred tree in the fall

noun phrase middle world / universe (literally yellow universe / world)

noun phrase yellow or exact astronomy

verb phrase ritual of making sacred bonfire or incense burner in front of a grave (literally put the bonfire)

noun phrase element (used at calculation to define the birthdate of a person by shamans)

noun / noun phrase pyramidal stone burial constructions

noun phrase ways of soul to extract the curse out of a body practiced by shamans

verb ritual of smoking near a grave so the dead one could smoke with the relatives for the last time

verb phrase shaman ritual aiming the spirits of taiga

noun hell

noun phrase afterlife world for bad people

noun pl chiefs (referring to Soviet party top bosses)

noun mantra

noun ritual of healing heavily sick people with aim to decieve ill spirits haunting sick people

noun / noun phrase breath of life / soul

noun phrase great shaman (literally big shaman)

noun phrase soul of a child (from newborn until 13 years of age)

noun pl children born from parents of different nationalities or ethnicities (somewhat pejorative)

noun phrase shaman tree

noun phrase shaman fight (literally shaman eating of each other)

noun phrase devil’s bird - messenger of death

noun devil (used by Southern Tuvans)

noun phrase boiled (cooked) sheep leg

verb phrase to pay for shaman services (literally to whiten hands)

noun phrase white caragana (Siberian peashrub)

noun phrase the direction of the harm (unfavorable geografical direction when calculating the element of the birth)

noun prayer service on recovery of a sick person

noun pl young acolyte

noun ritual of cleansing face and hands after the funerals

noun ritual of calling on happiness (in lamaism)

noun phrase master of lake

noun summer camp

noun phrase special stone (used to see the spirits even by ordinary people)

noun curse

noun chosen person who can manage the special stone

noun phrase ending of life (literally earth instantly disappears)

noun phrase the direction of thу evil spirits / devils (unfavorable geographical direction when calculating the element of the birth)

noun phrase agalmatolite (stone used in Tuvan stone carving)

noun hell

noun basics of buddhist astrology

noun doll figure symbolizing sign of illness

noun wooden models of sables painted with soot

verb phrase ritual of fixing the birthdate of a person

noun buddhist fortune telling on bones

verb phrase suicide or death through the fault of doctors - euphemism (literally he/she couldn’t stand it any more)

noun stick

noun scraper

verb phrase euphemism - die suddenly (literally gone with smoke)

noun phrase Orion (literally three elks)

noun phrase upper universe / paradise

noun phrase upper sky

noun phrase wake (funeral repast) on the third day (literally three days)

noun phrase dead soul

[örgül] n. sacrifice, ritual of feeding the master spirits of a place

Source: First edition