Tuvan English

proper name Great Yenisei River

proper name supreme god

proper name name of a supreme god (lireally sky)

noun phrase Milky way (literally road of sky)

noun phrase Milky way (literally top of sky)

noun phrase black sky (the origin of the strongest shamans)

noun phrase Milky way (literally road of darkness)

noun phrase Orion (literally evening Venus)

proper name names of the main god

noun phrase Orion

noun phrase Mount Suree - border between the worlds of life and dead

proper name alternative names of a supreme god

proper name name of a fantastic bird

proper name name of the master of the middle world (literally earth-water)

noun celestial bodies

noun phrase white soul (which comes to living relatives in the image of a dead person)

verb get shaman’s illness (meaning become a shaman) (literally get possessed by devils)

noun ritual of cleansing

noun shaman ritual of cleansing

noun pl half-gods living in the higher world of sansara

noun travelling lamas walking around camps and reading prayers

noun wandering lamas tradesmen

noun phrase middle world / universe (literally this universe / world)

noun unit of measurement of number of cattle

noun phrase grey soul (which stays on earth and bothers life relatives)

noun phrase lama-shaman

noun smal drum (used by lamas)

noun phrase life soul

noun doll mockup made out of dead person’s clothes

noun phrase middle soul (used by Southern Tuvans)

noun phrase wake (funeral repast) on the 40th day (literally 40 days)

noun Mongolian calendar

noun blessing, parting wishes/words, wishes

noun phrase black (dark) forces

noun phrase black astronomy

noun phrase under world / hell (literally dark world / universe)

noun big drum (used by lamas)

verb phrase shaman ritual of diverting anger

noun phrase main soul

verb healing with a help of a shaman mirror kyuzyungyu

verb phrase ritual of fixing the birthmark of a person

noun phrase eternal universe (referring to upper and under worlds)

noun universe

noun defenders of teaching (Buddist faith)

noun phrase good soul (used by Southern Tuvans)

noun Buddgist concept of six worlds

noun phrase middle world / universe (literally yellow universe / world)

verb phrase ritual of making sacred bonfire or incense burner in front of a grave (literally put the bonfire)

noun burials of outstanding lamas

noun / noun phrase pyramidal stone burial constructions

noun spirit, life force

noun potential

noun phrase ways of soul to extract the curse out of a body practiced by shamans

verb ritual of smoking near a grave so the dead one could smoke with the relatives for the last time

verb phrase shaman ritual aiming the spirits of taiga

noun phrase afterlife world for bad people

noun pl chiefs (referring to Soviet party top bosses)

noun mantra

noun ritual of healing heavily sick people with aim to decieve ill spirits haunting sick people

[tos-karak] n. a ritual wooden implement used to sprinkle milk or tea as an offering to the spirits, in the shape of a square spoon with nine holes and a ribbon

Source: First edition

noun / noun phrase breath of life / soul

noun phrase shaman of sky origin

noun phrase soul of a child (from newborn until 13 years of age)

noun pl children born from parents of different nationalities or ethnicities (somewhat pejorative)

noun phrase she-shaman (literally shaman-woman)

noun phrase shaman tree

noun phrase blood related people who inherit the knowledge and experience of noble bloodline of shamans

noun smoke hole

verb phrase final stage of shaman ritual (literally closing of chimney (the hole on the top of the yurt))

noun phrase devil’s bird - messenger of death

verb phrase to pay for shaman services (literally to whiten hands)

noun phrase white caragana (Siberian peashrub)

noun wake ritual (funeral repast)

noun prayer service on recovery of a sick person

noun ritual of cleansing face and hands after the funerals

noun ritual of calling on happiness (in lamaism)

noun phrase master of lake

noun summer camp

noun phrase special stone (used to see the spirits even by ordinary people)

noun curse

noun phrase multiple spirits who give a shaman knowledge and visions

noun phrase cave (literally mouth of the earth)

noun phrase the direction of thу evil spirits / devils (unfavorable geographical direction when calculating the element of the birth)

verb to fight (literally eat each other)

noun luck in hunting

noun hell

noun buddhist lamp (icon lamp)

noun basics of buddhist astrology

noun phrase spirits of the camp

noun doll figure symbolizing sign of illness

verb phrase ritual of fixing the birthdate of a person

noun scraper

verb phrase euphemism - die suddenly (literally gone with smoke)

noun phrase mourning, grave sign

noun phrase Orion (literally three elks)

noun phrase upper universe / paradise

noun phrase wake (funeral repast) on the third day (literally three days)

noun destination and deeds

noun phrase dead soul

[örgül] n. sacrifice, ritual of feeding the master spirits of a place

Source: First edition