Tuvan English

noun phrase white sky (the origin of the strongest shamans)

noun phrase Milky way (literally road of sky)

proper name Little Yenisei River

noun phrase Mount Suree - border between the worlds of life and dead

proper name alternative names of a supreme god

proper name Yenisey River (literally big river)

proper name name of the master of the middle world (literally earth-water)

proper name name of the master of the under world

noun phrase hell (literally land of devils)

noun phrase white soul (which comes to living relatives in the image of a dead person)

noun phrase golden breath (balanced condition of an organism)

noun ritual of cleansing

noun phrase master of the spring water

noun phrase spirits of mountain passes

noun pl half-gods living in the higher world of sansara

noun phrase ritual of invocation for happiness

noun phrase round bread

noun / verb animist ritual, tribal prayings (holiday)

noun smal drum (used by lamas)

noun board cut

noun phrase life soul

verb phrase send curses

noun phrase a person suffering in his/her life of some kind of harmness / obsticle

noun doll mockup made out of dead person’s clothes

noun phrase middle soul (used by Southern Tuvans)

noun shaman drum

noun honorable place of the master of the home

noun phrase wake (funeral repast) on the 40th day (literally 40 days)

noun blessing, parting wishes/words, wishes

noun phrase prohibited direction of funerals (literally mouth of a black dog)

noun phrase black sky

noun phrase black astronomy

noun phrase main soul

noun mind, consciousness

noun phrase red breath (the last sigh)

noun phrase red caragana (Siberian peashrub)

verb healing with a help of a shaman mirror kyuzyungyu

noun paper strips with mantras

noun "birthmarks" - according to Buddhism every person has a certain set of birthmarks of different colors and numbers depending on the birth date according to the Luna calendar

noun phrase bad soul (used by Southern Tuvans)

noun phrase eternal universe (referring to upper and under worlds)

verb phrase ritual of burning memorial food in the sacred fire during the funerals

verb phrase drive an arrow (shaman technique to look for lost thing)

noun grave (literally hole)

verb phrase ritual of burning a sacral fire

noun phrase good soul (used by Southern Tuvans)

noun buddhist monk community

noun local spirit-master

noun phrase ritual to remember those who died last year during the ritual of worshiping sacred tree in the fall

noun phrase middle world / universe (literally yellow universe / world)

verb phrase ritual of making sacred bonfire or incense burner in front of a grave (literally put the bonfire)

noun ritual of reading prayers and offering ’prayed’ vodka to the local spirit-master

noun burials of outstanding lamas

noun / noun phrase pyramidal stone burial constructions

noun potential

noun phrase ways of soul to extract the curse out of a body practiced by shamans

noun bloodline (litreally bone)

noun phrase people who are engaged in transportation and burial (literally those who bury bones)

noun phrase master of taiga

noun hell

noun phrase afterlife world for bad people

noun ritual of healing heavily sick people with aim to decieve ill spirits haunting sick people

[tos-karak] n. a ritual wooden implement used to sprinkle milk or tea as an offering to the spirits, in the shape of a square spoon with nine holes and a ribbon

Source: First edition

noun / noun phrase breath of life / soul

noun phrase shaman of sky origin

noun phrase female shamans (collective meaning)

noun phrase she-shaman (literally shaman-woman)

noun phrase shaman’s fellow travellers (referring collectively to all mythical-spiritual beings with whom a shaman may interact)

Source: Simchit 2010,

noun phrase life energy

noun phrase boiled (cooked) sheep leg

noun phrase white caragana (Siberian peashrub)

noun small stones for fortune-telling (used by shamans)

noun ritual of cleansing face and hands after the funerals

noun ritual of calling on happiness (in lamaism)

noun phrase master of lake

noun summer tent (in modern Tuvan - barn)

noun summer camp

noun phrase special stone (used to see the spirits even by ordinary people)

noun chosen person who can manage the special stone

noun phrase multiple spirits who give a shaman knowledge and visions

noun phrase under world / hell (literally bottom of the world)

noun phrase cave (literally mouth of the earth)

noun phrase ending of life (literally earth instantly disappears)

noun phrase the direction of thу evil spirits / devils (unfavorable geographical direction when calculating the element of the birth)

noun luck in hunting

noun phrase agalmatolite (stone used in Tuvan stone carving)

noun buddhist lamp (icon lamp)

noun basics of buddhist astrology

noun doll figure symbolizing sign of illness

verb phrase ritual of fixing the birthdate of a person

noun buddhist fortune telling on bones

noun scraper

noun phrase mourning, grave sign

noun phrase Orion (literally three elks)

noun phrase upper sky

noun phrase wooden spoon or trowel used to "feed" (coax) the spirits of dead people (literally three eyes)

noun destination and deeds

noun fate

noun phrase dead soul

[örgül] n. sacrifice, ritual of feeding the master spirits of a place

Source: First edition