Tuvan English

noun phrase white sky (the origin of the strongest shamans)

proper name Great Yenisei River

proper name supreme god

proper name name of a supreme god (lireally sky)

noun phrase Milky way (literally top of sky)

noun phrase black sky (the origin of the strongest shamans)

proper name name of the main god (literally universe-world)

proper name alternative names of a supreme god

proper name Yenisey River (literally big river)

proper name name of a fantastic bird

proper name name of the master of the under world

noun phrase hell (literally land of devils)

noun celestial bodies

noun phrase envy, slander (lterally white mouth-tongue)

noun phrase golden breath (balanced condition of an organism)

noun phrase spirits of mountain passes

noun shaman ritual of cleansing

noun wandering lamas tradesmen

noun unit of measurement of number of cattle

noun phrase grey soul (which stays on earth and bothers life relatives)

noun phrase lama-shaman

noun phrase ritual of invocation for happiness

noun / verb animist ritual, tribal prayings (holiday)

noun phrase life soul

noun phrase a person suffering in his/her life of some kind of harmness / obsticle

noun honorable place of the master of the home

noun phrase wake (funeral repast) on the 40th day (literally 40 days)

noun Mongolian calendar

proper name shamans and lamas who can see the spirits

noun phrase master of camp

noun phrase fights (quarells), scolding, scandals (literally black mouth-tongue)

noun phrase prohibited direction of funerals (literally mouth of a black dog)

noun phrase black sky

noun phrase black (dark) forces

noun phrase under world / hell (literally dark world / universe)

noun phrase main soul

noun mind, consciousness

noun phrase red caragana (Siberian peashrub)

verb healing with a help of a shaman mirror kyuzyungyu

noun phrase lama-astrologer

noun Tuvan flute

noun phrase the direction of the end of the life (unfavorable geografical direction when calculating the element of the birth)

verb phrase ritual of fixing the birthmark of a person

noun phrase bad soul (used by Southern Tuvans)

noun phrase silver breath (good physical shape)

noun grave (literally hole)

noun universe

noun phrase middle world / universe (that is Earth)

noun defenders of teaching (Buddist faith)

noun phrase good soul (used by Southern Tuvans)

noun phrase ritual to remember those who died last year during the ritual of worshiping sacred tree in the fall

noun phrase yellow or exact astronomy

noun liver pieces wrapped in interior fat

noun phrase another world (literally Northen edge)

noun / noun phrase pyramidal stone burial constructions

noun spirit, life force

noun / noun phrase soul

noun potential

noun phrase ways of soul to extract the curse out of a body practiced by shamans

noun bloodline (litreally bone)

noun phrase people who are engaged in transportation and burial (literally those who bury bones)

noun sack of white color

verb phrase shaman ritual aiming the spirits of taiga

noun pl chiefs (referring to Soviet party top bosses)

noun mantra

[tos-karak] n. a ritual wooden implement used to sprinkle milk or tea as an offering to the spirits, in the shape of a square spoon with nine holes and a ribbon

Source: First edition

noun phrase shaman of sky origin

noun phrase great shaman (literally big shaman)

noun phrase female shamans (collective meaning)

noun phrase shaman’s fellow travellers (referring collectively to all mythical-spiritual beings with whom a shaman may interact)

Source: Simchit 2010,

noun phrase blood related people who inherit the knowledge and experience of noble bloodline of shamans

noun smoke hole

verb phrase final stage of shaman ritual (literally closing of chimney (the hole on the top of the yurt))

noun phrase life energy

noun devil (used by Southern Tuvans)

noun phrase boiled (cooked) sheep leg

noun phrase white caragana (Siberian peashrub)

noun wake ritual (funeral repast)

noun prayer service on recovery of a sick person

noun ritual of calling on happiness (in lamaism)

noun phrase master of lake

noun summer tent (in modern Tuvan - barn)

noun summer camp

noun curse

noun chosen person who can manage the special stone

noun phrase cave (literally mouth of the earth)

noun phrase ritual of ’renting the land" (for burials)

verb to fight (literally eat each other)

noun phrase agalmatolite (stone used in Tuvan stone carving)

noun hell

noun buddhist lamp (icon lamp)

verb phrase ritual of fixing the birthdate of a person

verb phrase suicide or death through the fault of doctors - euphemism (literally he/she couldn’t stand it any more)

noun stick

noun phrase upper universe / paradise

noun phrase upper universe / paradise

noun phrase wake (funeral repast) on the third day (literally three days)

noun phrase wooden spoon or trowel used to "feed" (coax) the spirits of dead people (literally three eyes)

noun fate

noun phrase dead soul