Tuvan English

noun phrase white sky (the origin of the strongest shamans)

proper name Great Yenisei River

proper name supreme god

noun phrase Milky way (literally road of sky)

noun phrase Milky way (literally road of darkness)

noun phrase name of the upper world - homeland of star shamans

noun phrase Mount Suree - border between the worlds of life and dead

proper name alternative names of a supreme god

proper name Yenisey River (literally big river)

proper name name of a fantastic bird

proper name name of the master of the middle world (literally earth-water)

noun phrase envy, slander (lterally white mouth-tongue)

noun phrase white soul (which comes to living relatives in the image of a dead person)

noun phrase golden breath (balanced condition of an organism)

noun phrase master of the spring water

noun phrase spirits of mountain passes

noun shaman ritual of cleansing

noun wandering lamas tradesmen

noun phrase ritual of invocation for happiness

noun phrase round bread

verb phrase get shaman’s illness (meaning become a shaman) (literally pass out)

noun board cut

noun phrase life soul

verb phrase send curses

noun shaman drum

noun honorable place of the master of the home

noun phrase wake (funeral repast) on the 40th day (literally 40 days)

noun Mongolian calendar

noun phrase prohibited direction of funerals (literally mouth of a black dog)

noun phrase black astronomy

noun phrase black asronomy

noun big drum (used by lamas)

verb phrase shaman ritual of diverting anger

noun phrase main soul

noun Tuvan flute

noun paper strips with mantras

noun "birthmarks" - according to Buddhism every person has a certain set of birthmarks of different colors and numbers depending on the birth date according to the Luna calendar

verb phrase ritual of fixing the birthmark of a person

noun phrase bad soul (used by Southern Tuvans)

noun phrase silver breath (good physical shape)

verb phrase ritual of burning memorial food in the sacred fire during the funerals

noun festivities for youth after harvesting (holiday)

noun universe

verb phrase ritual of burning a sacral fire

noun phrase good soul (used by Southern Tuvans)

noun Buddgist concept of six worlds

noun local spirit-master

noun phrase ritual to remember those who died last year during the ritual of worshiping sacred tree in the fall

noun phrase middle world / universe (literally yellow universe / world)

noun phrase yellow or exact astronomy

verb phrase ritual of making sacred bonfire or incense burner in front of a grave (literally put the bonfire)

noun ritual of reading prayers and offering ’prayed’ vodka to the local spirit-master

noun phrase element (used at calculation to define the birthdate of a person by shamans)

noun spirit, life force

noun / noun phrase soul

noun phrase ways of soul to extract the curse out of a body practiced by shamans

verb ritual of smoking near a grave so the dead one could smoke with the relatives for the last time

noun sack of white color

noun hell

noun pl chiefs (referring to Soviet party top bosses)

noun mantra

noun small timpani

[tos-karak] n. a ritual wooden implement used to sprinkle milk or tea as an offering to the spirits, in the shape of a square spoon with nine holes and a ribbon

Source: First edition

noun / noun phrase breath of life / soul

noun phrase shaman of sky origin

noun phrase great shaman (literally big shaman)

noun phrase soul of a child (from newborn until 13 years of age)

noun phrase shaman fight (literally shaman eating of each other)

noun phrase shaman’s fellow travellers (referring collectively to all mythical-spiritual beings with whom a shaman may interact)

Source: Simchit 2010,

noun smoke hole

verb phrase final stage of shaman ritual (literally closing of chimney (the hole on the top of the yurt))

noun phrase boiled (cooked) sheep leg

verb phrase to pay for shaman services (literally to whiten hands)

noun phrase white caragana (Siberian peashrub)

noun wake ritual (funeral repast)

noun phrase the direction of the harm (unfavorable geografical direction when calculating the element of the birth)

noun prayer service on recovery of a sick person

noun small stones for fortune-telling (used by shamans)

noun pl young acolyte

noun ritual of cleansing face and hands after the funerals

noun ritual of calling on happiness (in lamaism)

noun phrase master of lake

noun curse

noun phrase hair lasso of handicraft production

noun phrase ritual of ’renting the land" (for burials)

noun phrase the direction of thу evil spirits / devils (unfavorable geographical direction when calculating the element of the birth)

noun luck in hunting

noun phrase agalmatolite (stone used in Tuvan stone carving)

noun buddhist lamp (icon lamp)

noun doll figure symbolizing sign of illness

verb phrase suicide or death through the fault of doctors - euphemism (literally he/she couldn’t stand it any more)

noun stick

noun scraper

verb phrase euphemism - die suddenly (literally gone with smoke)

noun phrase mourning, grave sign

noun phrase Orion (literally three elks)

noun phrase upper sky

noun phrase wake (funeral repast) on the third day (literally three days)

noun fate

[örgül] n. sacrifice, ritual of feeding the master spirits of a place

Source: First edition