Tuvan English

noun phrase black-throated thrush

Example: Photo by tomegatherion / iNaturalist, License: CC-BY-NC via inaturalist.org

Scientific name: Turdus atrogularis

noun phrase one of the names of a shaman hat

Source: Simchit 2010, page 52

noun phrase black coat

Source: Simchit 2010, page 47

noun phrase black shaman’s drum

Source: Simchit 2010, page 47

noun phrase black tambourine

Source: Simchit 2010, page 47

noun phrase black sky

Source: Simchit 2010, page 86

noun phrase shaman from the black sky (world)

Source: Simchit 2010, page 29

noun phrase carrion crow

Example: Photo by aquacielo / iNaturalist, License: CC-BY-NC via inaturalist.org

Scientific name: Corvus corone

noun phrase black soul (which guards the grave of a dead person)

noun phrase black (dark) hell

Source: Simchit 2010, page 97

noun phrase paralysis

Source: Dongak 2018, page 34,

noun phrase black shaman

Source: Simchit 2010, page 29

noun phrase prohibited direction of funerals (literally mouth of a black dog)

noun phrase tree with black trunk

Source: Dongak 2018, page 36,

noun common starling

Scientific name: Sturnus vulgaris

[kara-bažyŋ] n. jail, prison

Source: First edition

[kara-bažyŋnattyrgan] n. prisoner

Source: First edition

[kara-bažyŋnattyrgan] n. prison-er

Source: First edition

[kara-byt] n. flea

Source: First edition

[kara-byt, khalyyr-kara] n. flea

Source: First edition

noun phrase black sky

[kara-kuš] n. wood-grouse

Source: First edition

noun phrase black (dark) forces

noun phrase black redstart

Example: Photo by aquacielo / iNaturalist, License: CC-BY-NC via inaturalist.org

Scientific name: Phoenicurus ochruros

[kara-seek] n. see

Source: First edition

[kara-seek, seek] n. fly

Source: First edition

noun phrase black woodpecker

Example: Photo by ratel / iNaturalist, License: CC-BY-NC via inaturalist.org

Scientific name: Dryocopus martius

noun phrase black astronomy

noun phrase black asronomy

noun phrase a kind of a dragon (literally dark motley dragon)

Source: Simchit 2010, page 111

[kara(ŋgy)-kök] a. dark blue

Source: First edition

[karaanyŋ ajany] n. look

Source: First edition

[karaanyŋajany] n. look

Source: First edition

[karaža] n. loss

Source: First edition

[karazyyr] v. suspect

Speaker: Sasha

[karak] n. eye

Source: First edition

verbal phrase teach a young shaman (literally - open someone’s eyes)

Source: Simchit 2010, page 26

[karak šili] n. glasses (eyeglasses)

Source: First edition

[karak šoruu] n. vision

Speaker: Sasha

noun phrase under world / hell (literally dark world / universe)

[karandaš] n. pencil

Source: First edition

noun phrase allegorical name of a shaman (literally - a person who sees what other people can’t see)

Source: Simchit 2010, page 24

[karaŋgy] a. dark

Source: First edition

[karaŋgy] n. darkness

Source: First edition

noun phrase dark under world

Source: Simchit 2010, page 96

[karbaš kylyr] v. flap

Source: First edition

[kargaar, kargyš salyr] v. damn

Speaker: Sasha

[kargyraa] n. throat singing style, the deepest most guttural of the four basic styles

Source: First edition

[kargyraa, khöömej, borbaŋnadyr, sygyt, ezeŋgiler] n. throat singing

Source: First edition

noun curse

Source: Simchit 2010, page 27

[karžy] adj. brutal

Speaker: Sasha

[karžy] adj. harsh

Speaker: Sasha

[karžy] adj. vicious

Speaker: Sasha

[karžy] a. fierce

Source: First edition

[karžy] a. fierce, cruel

Source: First edition

[karžy doškun] adj. severe

Speaker: Sasha

[karžy, derzii, doškun, keergel čok] a. cruel

Source: First edition

[karžyr, karyškak bolur, čörüžer, čörüškek bolur] v. contradict

Speaker: Sasha

[karžyy] a. bad, mean

Source: First edition

[karmak] n. pocket

Source: First edition

[karmak, karman] n. pocket

Source: First edition

[karman] n. pocket

Source: First edition

[karman, karmak] n. pocket

Source: First edition

[kart] n. hull, shell

Source: First edition

[kart] n. hull, skin, shell

Source: First edition

[kart] n. book cover

Source: First edition

[karta] n. map

Source: First edition

[karta] n. card

Speaker: Sasha

[kartina] n. picture

Source: First edition

[kartoška] n. potato

Source: First edition

[karttaar] v. hull, shell

Source: First edition

[karttaar] v. hull, skin, shell

Source: First edition

[karyškak, čörüškek] adj. controversial

Speaker: Sasha

[kas] n. goose

Source: First edition

[kat] n. layer

Speaker: df

[kat] n. mountain slope

Source: First edition

[kat] n. berry

Source: First edition

[kat aragazy] n. wine

Source: First edition

noun phrase father-in-law

[kat-ije] n. wife’s elder female siblings and wife’s mother, collectively

Source: First edition

[kat-ije] n. wife’s elder female siblings and wife’s mother, collectively

Source: First edition

[katap] adv. again

Source: First edition

[katap baza bodaar, bodanyr] phr. v. think over

Speaker: Sasha

[katap kylyr] phr. v. do over

Speaker: Sasha

[kataptaar] v. repeat

Source: First edition

[katky] n. laugh

Source: First edition

[katky] n. laughter

Source: First edition

[katoliktig] adj. catholic

Speaker: Sasha

[kattap alyr] phr. v. take back

Speaker: Sasha

[kattap baza (dedir) tiileer] phr. v. win back

Speaker: Sasha

[kattaptaar] v. repeat

Source: First edition

[kattyžar] v. adjoin

Source: First edition

[kattyžar] v. combine

Source: First edition

[kattyžar] phr. v. get together

Speaker: Sasha

[kattyžar] phr. v. join up

Speaker: Sasha

[kattyžar] v. merge

Speaker: Sasha

[kattyžar, čanynda turar, kyjyynda turar, kydyynda turar] v. adjoin

Source: First edition

[kattyžary] n. confluence

Source: First edition

[kattyžary, kattyštyrary] n. confluence

Source: First edition

[kattyžyyškyn, evilel, assotsiatsija] n. association

Speaker: Sasha