Tuvan English

noun phrase, noun wife (literally - inner side of the yurt)

noun phrase, noun husband (literally - master of the yurt)

[ava] n. mother

Source: First edition

[ava, avam, avaj] n. mother

Source: First edition

noun mother

noun dear friend (only referring to male relative)

noun phrase paternal relative

noun phrase adoptive mother

noun phrase adoptive father

[akkyzy(y)] n. uncle

Source: First edition

[aky] n. brother

Source: First edition, Speaker: First edition, df

noun phrase pl kinship, family

[akym] n. my elder brother, my uncle

Source: First edition, Speaker: First edition, df

noun phrase wife (literally - girlfriend, whom he married)

[alyshky] n. sibling

Speaker: df

noun phrase young man

[ača, ada] n. father

Source: First edition, Speaker: First edition, df

noun phrase paternal grandmother

noun phrase children, offspring

noun husband

noun phrase spouses

noun father-in-law (father of husband)

noun phrase female child / male child (literally little girl / little boy)

noun phrase stepdaughter/ stepson (literally - his/her own children)

noun phrase great grandmother

[daaj] n. mother’s brother

Source: First edition

[daaj ava] n. aunt

Source: First edition

[daaj-avaj] n. mother’s sister

Source: First edition

noun maternal grandmother

[daajy(m)] n. uncle

Source: First edition

[duŋma, dyŋma] n. younger sibling or cousin

Source: First edition, Speaker: First edition, df

noun younger sister / brother

noun phrase pl kinship

noun phrase maternal relative

noun elder brother of father, father of husband/wife

noun old husband

[kadar] n. cousin

Source: First edition

noun phrase elder step-brother

noun phrase wife (literally - got older together)

noun phrase brother or sister (literally - born together)

[kady törüveen] n. sibling

Source: First edition

noun phrase father-in-law

[kat-ije] n. wife’s elder female siblings and wife’s mother, collectively

Source: First edition

noun father-in-law (father of wife)

[katym] n. wife’s elder male siblings and wife’s father, collectively (possessed form)

Source: First edition, Speaker: First edition, df

noun father-in-law with son-in-law

[kerin] n. younger brother’s wife

Source: First edition

[kernim] n. younger brother’s wife (possessed form)

Source: First edition

[kerniš] n. younger brother’s wife (familiar form)

Source: First edition

noun matchmaker (male/female)

noun phrase matchmakers (literally - go to the wedding)

noun phrase matchmakers

[kudažy(lar)] n. in-law(s)

Speaker: Sasha

noun mother-in-law (mother of husband)

noun old wife (colloquial)

[kyrgan-ava] n. grandmother

Source: First edition

noun phrase grandmother

noun phrase mother of grandmother

[kyrgan-ača] n. grandfather

Source: First edition

noun phrase grandfather

noun phrase mother of grandfather

[kys] n. girl, female, daughter

Source: First edition

[küüj] n. mother’s brother’s wife

Source: First edition

[oglunuŋ oglu/uruu, oglunuŋ uruu] n. grandchild

Source: First edition

noun phrase great grandson (son of son’s son)

noun phrase granddaughter (daughter of son)

[oglunuŋoglu/uruu] n. grandchild

Source: First edition

noun youner siblings (diminutive)

noun phrase stepmother

noun phrase relative by genus (literally relative by bones)

[ugba] n. elder sister, mother’s sister (Vocative: ugbay)

Source: First edition

[ugba] n. sister, elder, mother’s sister

Source: First edition

noun elder sister

noun grandchild

noun phrase husband (literally - father of my children)

noun my daughter, my granddaughter

noun phrase grandson (son of daughter)

noun phrase granddaughter (daughter of daughter)

noun phrase great grandson (son of daughter’s daughter)

noun phrase great granddaughter (daughter of daughetr’s daughter)

[uruunuŋuruu] n. grandchild

Source: First edition

noun phrase relative by blood

[khüregen] n. younger sister’s husband

Source: First edition

[khüregen] n. younger sister’s husband (familiar form)

Source: First edition

noun wife of uncle on the paternal side

[čaavaj] n. aunt

Source: First edition

[čaavaj ~ čaavej, čeŋgej] n. elder brother’s wife

Source: First edition, Speaker: First edition, df

[čaavašky(lar)] n. elder brother’s wife’s siblings

Source: First edition, Speaker: First edition, df

noun phrase consanguineous sisters (literally of one father)

[čestej] n. elder sister’s husband

Source: First edition

[čeŋge] n. aunt

Source: First edition

noun wife of elder brother

[čeŋgeškiler] n. elder brother’s wife’s younger siblings

Source: First edition

noun phrase close relative

[čeen] n. sister’s sons (nephews)

Source: First edition

[čeeŋgeški(ler)] n. elder brother’s wife’s siblings

Source: First edition

noun phrase distant relative

[ene] n. grandmother

Source: First edition

noun phrase generation, offspring

noun child