Tuvan English

[(er) duŋma] n. brother, younger

Source: First edition

noun phrase, noun husband (literally - master of the yurt)

[ava] n. mother

Source: First edition

[ava, avam, avaj] n. mother

Source: First edition

noun phrase adoptive mother

noun phrase adoptive father

[akkyzy(y)] n. uncle

Source: First edition

[aky] n. brother

Source: First edition, Speaker: First edition, df

noun phrase pl kinship, family

[akyj] n. 1. elder brother, uncle, 2. term of address for an older male

Source: First edition, Speaker: First edition, df

[akyj] n. brother (vocative form)

Source: First edition

[akym] n. my elder brother, my uncle

Source: First edition, Speaker: First edition, df

noun phrase wife (literally - girlfriend, whom he married)

[ača, ada] n. father

Source: First edition, Speaker: First edition, df

noun phrase paternal grandmother

noun phrase children, offspring

noun husband

noun phrase spouses

noun father-in-law (father of husband)

noun phrase female child / male child (literally little girl / little boy)

noun phrase stepdaughter/ stepson (literally - his/her own children)

noun phrase great grandmother

[daaj] n. mother’s brother

Source: First edition

[daaj ava] n. aunt

Source: First edition

noun sister of mother

noun maternal grandmother

[daajy(m)] n. uncle

Source: First edition

noun bride, groom

[duŋma, dyŋma] n. younger sibling or cousin

Source: First edition, Speaker: First edition, df

noun younger sister / brother

noun phrase pl kinship

[ije] n. mother

Source: First edition

noun mother with daughter or son, mother with children

noun phrase maternal relative

[ije, ava] n. mother

Source: First edition

noun twin / twins

noun elder brother of father, father of husband/wife

noun elder sister of father, mother-in-law

[kadar] n. cousin

Source: First edition

noun phrase elder step-brother

noun phrase brother or sister (literally - born together)

[kady törüveen] n. cousin

Source: First edition

[kady törüveen] n. sibling

Source: First edition

noun phrase father-in-law

[kat-ije] n. wife’s elder female siblings and wife’s mother, collectively

Source: First edition

noun father-in-law (father of wife)

[katym] n. wife’s elder male siblings and wife’s father, collectively (possessed form)

Source: First edition, Speaker: First edition, df

noun father-in-law with son-in-law

[kernim] n. younger brother’s wife

Source: First edition

noun phrase matchmakers

[kudažy(lar)] n. in-law(s)

Speaker: Sasha

noun mother-in-law (mother of husband)

noun old wife (colloquial)

[kyrgan-ava] n. grandmother

Source: First edition

noun grandmother

noun phrase grandmother

noun phrase mother of grandmother

noun phrase father of grandmother

noun phrase mother of grandfather

noun phrase father of grandfather

[kys] n. girl, female, daughter

Source: First edition

[kys duŋma] n. sister, younger

Source: First edition

noun younger sister

[küdee] n. younger sister’s husband

Source: First edition

[küüj] n. mother’s brother’s wife

Source: First edition

noun my son, my grandson

noun phrase great grandson (son of son’s son)

noun phrase great granddaughter (daughter of son’s son)

[oglunuŋoglu/uruu] n. grandchild

Source: First edition

noun boy, young fellow, pawn (in chess)

[ool (oglu)] n. boy, son

Source: First edition, Speaker: First edition, df

noun younger brother

noun youner siblings (diminutive)

[ugba] n. sister, elder (Vocative: ugbay)

Source: First edition

noun elder sister

noun phrase husband (literally - father of my children)

noun my daughter, my granddaughter

noun phrase grandson (son of daughter)

noun phrase great grandson (son of daughter’s daughter)

noun phrase great granddaughter (daughter of daughetr’s daughter)

noun phrase relative by blood

noun phrase father-in-law

[khüregen] n. younger sister’s husband (familiar form)

Source: First edition

noun elder daughter-in-law

[čaavaj] n. aunt (by marriage)

Source: First edition

[čaavaj ~ čaavej, čeŋgej] n. elder brother’s wife

Source: First edition, Speaker: First edition, df

[čaavašky(lar)] n. elder brother’s wife’s siblings

Source: First edition, Speaker: First edition, df

[čaavašky(lar)] n. elder brother’s wife’s younger siblings

Source: First edition, Speaker: First edition, df

noun phrase consanguineous sisters (literally of one father)

noun phrase sons by one venter (literally of one mother)

noun husband of elder sister

[čestej] n. elder sister’s husband

Source: First edition

[čeŋge] n. aunt

Source: First edition

noun phrase close relative

[čeen] n. sister’s sons (nephews)

Source: First edition

[čeeŋgeški(ler)] n. elder brother’s wife’s siblings

Source: First edition

noun phrase distant relative

noun phrase stepdaughter/ stepson (literally - daughter/son with whom he/she came to the family)

[ene] n. grandmother

Source: First edition

noun child